Digital Leadership dan Organizational Agility dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Lembaga Pendidikan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/gdbsx704Keywords:
digital leadership; organizational agility; educational institution performance; digital transformation; systematic literature reviewAbstract
Digital transformation requires educational institutions to possess leadership capable of steering change and an organization agile enough to respond to environmental dynamics. This study aims to analyze the contributions of digital leadership and organizational agility to enhancing the performance of educational institutions and to develop a conceptual model integrating these two variables. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach following the PRISMA 2020 protocol was employed, searching databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Emerald Insight, Taylor & Francis Online, Wiley Online Library, and IEEE Xplore—with Google Scholar as a supplementary source—for publications from 2020 to 2026. Out of 1,842 initial records, 84 articles met the inclusion and quality criteria for thematic synthesis. The analysis reveals that 91% of the studies report a significant positive relationship between digital leadership and organizational agility, 84% confirm the impact of digital leadership on educational institution performance, and 76% of studies examining mediation demonstrate that organizational agility acts as a connecting mechanism rather than merely a parallel predictor. Four key success factors for implementation were identified: information and communication technology infrastructure readiness, adaptive organizational culture, institutional policy support, and human resource digital literacy. The study's novelty lies in its integrated conceptual model, which positions organizational agility as a mediating variable, and the expansion of the research context to include religious educational institutions—such as Buddhist education—which have historically been underrepresented in the literature. This model can serve as a reference for digital transformation development strategies in Indonesian educational institutions.
Downloads
References
Bond, M., Bedenlier, S., Marín, VI, & Händel, M. (2024). Transformasi digital dalam pendidikan tinggi: Tinjauan sistematis tentang perkembangan, tantangan, dan arah masa depan. Computers and Education Open, 6, 100185.
Ifenthaler, D., & Schumacher, C. (2023). Transformasi digital dalam pendidikan tinggi: manajemen pendidikan, inovasi, dan analitik pembelajaran. Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pendidikan, 71 (4), 1803–1825.
Lim, WM, Kumar, S., Pandey, N., & Rasoolimanesh, SM (2024). Transformasi digital: refleksi multidisiplin dan agenda penelitian. Jurnal Internasional Manajemen Informasi Wawasan Data, 4 (1), 100257.
OECD. (2023). Prospek Pendidikan Digital 2023: Menuju Ekosistem Pendidikan Digital yang Efektif . Penerbitan OECD.
Pettersson, F. (2021). Memahami digitalisasi dan perubahan pendidikan di sekolah melalui teori aktivitas dan konsep tingkat pembelajaran. Pendidikan dan Teknologi Informasi, 26 (1), 187–204.
Sailer, M., Schultz-Pernice, F., & Fischer, F. (2021). Fasilitator kontekstual untuk aktivitas pembelajaran yang melibatkan teknologi digital di pendidikan tinggi: Model C♭. Komputer dalam Perilaku Manusia, 121 , 106794.
AlNuaimi, BK, Singh, SK, Ren, S., Budhwar, P., & Vorobyev, D. (2022). Menguasai transformasi digital: Hubungan antara kepemimpinan, ketangkasan, dan strategi digital. Jurnal Riset Bisnis, 145 , 636–648.
Bond, M., Bedenlier, S., Marín, VI, & Händel, M. (2024). Transformasi digital dalam pendidikan tinggi: Tinjauan sistematis tentang perkembangan, tantangan, dan arah masa depan. Computers and Education Open, 6 , 100185.
Ifenthaler, D., & Schumacher, C. (2023). Transformasi digital dalam pendidikan tinggi: Manajemen pendidikan, inovasi, dan analitik pembelajaran. Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pendidikan, 71 (4), 1803–1825.
Lim, WM, Kumar, S., Pandey, N., & Rasoolimanesh, SM (2024). Transformasi digital: Refleksi multidisiplin dan agenda penelitian. Jurnal Internasional Manajemen Informasi Wawasan Data, 4 (1), 100257.
OECD. (2023). Prospek Pendidikan Digital 2023: Menuju Ekosistem Pendidikan Digital yang Efektif . Penerbitan OECD.
Page, MJ, McKenzie, JE, Bossuyt, PM, Boutron, I., Hoffmann, TC, Mulrow, CD, Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, JM, Akl, EA, Brennan, SE, Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, JM, Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, MM, Li, T., Loder, EW, Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., ... Moher, D. (2021). Pernyataan PRISMA 2020: Pedoman terbaru untuk pelaporan tinjauan sistematis. BMJ, 372 , n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
UNESCO. (2023). Laporan Pemantauan Pendidikan Global 2023: Teknologi dalam Pendidikan—Sebuah Alat Atas Persyaratan Siapa? . Penerbitan UNESCO.
AlNuaimi, B. K., Singh, S. K., Ren, S., Budhwar, P., & Vorobyev, D. (2022). Mastering digital transformation: The nexus between leadership, agility, and digital strategy. Journal of Business Research, 145, 636–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.038
Akkaya, B., & Tabak, A. (2020). The link between organizational agility and leadership: A research in science parks. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 19(1), 1–17.
Aslam, M. S., Ahmad, M. S., Haider, M. J., & Siddiqui, N. (2021). The impact of transformational leadership on digital agility in primary schools of Pakistan. Education and Information Technologies, 26(1), 659–676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10281-6
Aulan, Z. Y., Winengan, & Ningrat, H. K. (2025). Dilema implementasi kebijakan digital: Analisis kesiapan kepemimpinan sekolah dalam menghadapi transformasi pendidikan. NUSRA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(3), 210–224.
Balaji, M. S., & Khong, K. W. (2020). Using dynamic capabilities theory to understand the digital transformation of higher education. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 42(1), 70–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2019.1649993
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.
Dewi, M. V. K., & Darma, G. S. (2023). Menakar peran digital leadership dalam meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan di era pandemi Covid-19. Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Budaya, 9(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v9i1.796
Farooq, S., Munawar, S., & Iram, M. (2026). Digital leadership and organizational agility: Evidence from Pakistani higher education institutions. Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(1), 1181–1202. https://doi.org/10.64105/jbmr.05.01.797
Herawati, N., & Prasetyo, Y. (2021). Digital leadership sebagai prediktor organizational agility pada perguruan tinggi swasta. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 6(2), 178–190.
Iswanto, B., & Rahman, T. (2023). Systematic literature review: Kepemimpinan digital dalam manajemen pendidikan tinggi. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kepemimpinan Pendidikan, 4(1), 33–49.
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2024). Transformasi digital pendidikan. Jendela Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. https://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/31338/
McCarthy, P., Sammon, D., & Alhassan, I. (2021). Digital transformation leadership characteristics: A literature analysis. Journal of Decision Systems, 30(2–3), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/12460125.2021.1908934
Menon, S., & Suresh, M. (2021). Factors influencing organizational agility in higher education. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 28(1), 307–332. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-04-2020-0151
Nugroho, A. P., & Santoso, B. (2022). Model kesiapan digital lembaga pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia: Perspektif dynamic capability. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 28(3), 201–215.
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2018). Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 95 Tahun 2018 tentang Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/96913/perpres-no-95-tahun-2018
Prima, A., Natavia, D. S., Azainil, Buhari, M. R., & Hidayanto, D. N. (2025). Transformasi kepemimpinan digital dalam pengelolaan lembaga pendidikan. NUSRA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(2), 145–159.
Salmela, H., Mikkonen, K., & Virtanen, P. (2022). Digital agility in higher education institutions: Building resilient organizations. Education and Information Technologies, 27(4), 5211–5230.
Suharto, E., Mulyani, S., & Kusnandar, D. (2025). Transformasi digital dan kinerja lembaga pendidikan berbasis agama Buddha: Studi eksploratif. Jurnal Pendidikan Keagamaan, 9(1), 55–70.
Tallon, P. P., Queiroz, M., Coltman, T., & Sharma, R. (2019). Information technology and the search for organizational agility: A systematic review with future research possibilities. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 218–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2018.12.002
Teece, D. J. (2018). Business models and dynamic capabilities. Long Range Planning, 51(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2017.06.007
Wijaya, S. E., Kurniawan, T., & Handayani, R. (2024). Pengaruh kepemimpinan digital terhadap kinerja organisasi pendidikan melalui ketangkasan organisasi. Jurnal Administrasi Pendidikan, 31(1), 45–60.
Zhang, L., Wu, J., & Chen, H. (2023). Digital leadership and school performance: A cross-national comparative study. Computers & Education, 195, 104715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104715
AlNuaimi, B. K., Singh, S. K., Ren, S., Budhwar, P., & Vorobyev, D. (2022). Mastering digital transformation: The nexus between leadership, agility, and digital strategy. Journal of Business Research, 145, 636–648.
Bond, M., Bedenlier, S., Marín, V. I., & Händel, M. (2024). Digital transformation in higher education: A systematic review of developments, challenges, and future directions. Computers and Education Open, 6, 100185.
Ifenthaler, D., & Schumacher, C. (2023). Digital transformation in higher education: Educational management, innovation, and learning analytics. Educational Technology Research and Development, 71(4), 1803–1825.
Lim, W. M., Kumar, S., Pandey, N., & Rasoolimanesh, S. M. (2024). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 4(1), 100257.
OECD. (2023). Digital Education Outlook 2023: Towards an Effective Digital Education Ecosystem. OECD Publishing.
UNESCO. (2023). Global Education Monitoring Report 2023: Technology in Education—A Tool on Whose Terms?. UNESCO Publishing.
Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Dong, J. Q., Fabian, N., & Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889–901.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Menggunakan analisis tematik dalam psikologi. Qualita(https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706
Charmaz, K. (2014). Con(Edisi ke-2). Sage Publication
Creswell, JW, & Poth, CN (2018). Penelitian kualitatif dan desain penelitian: Memilih di antara lima pendekatan (edisi ke-4). Sage Public
Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, WM (2021). Cara melakukan analisis bibliometrik: Tinjauan umum dan pedoman. Jurnal Bisnis, 2https://doi.o
Higgins, JPT, Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, MJ, & Welch, VA (Eds.). (2022). Buku panduan Cochrane untuk tinjauan sistematis intervensi (Versi 6)https://training.coch
Kitchenham, B., & Charters, S. (2007). Pedoman untuk melakukan(EBSE
Page, MJ, McKenzie, JE, Bossuyt, PM, Boutron, I., Hoffmann, TC, Mulrow, CD, Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, JM, Akl, EA, Brennan, SE, Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, JM, Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, MM, Li, T., Loder, EW, Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., ... Moher, D. (2021). Pernyataan PRISMA 2020: Pedoman terbaru untuk pelaporan tinjauan sistematis. BMJ, 372 , n71. https://do
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Dasar-dasar penelitian kualitatif:(Edisi ke-2). Sage Publications
Thomas, J., & Harden, A. (2008). Metode untuk sintesis tematik penelitian kualitatif dalam tinjauan sistematis. Metodologi Penelitian Medis BMC, Artikel 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-8-45
Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Metode bibliometrik dalam manajemen dan organisasi. Organisasi(3https://doi.org/10
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Melva Audina, Kinanti Dyah Ayu Puspita Retno Putri, Yaka Paweja, Kabri (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
