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.doi{font-family:"Montserrat",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI","Roboto","Oxygen-Sans","Ubuntu","Cantarell","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif}.obj_article_details .orcid a,.obj_article_details .doi a{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.87);text-decoration:none}.obj_article_details .orcid a:hover,.obj_article_details .doi a:hover,.obj_article_details .orcid a:focus,.obj_article_details .doi a:focus{color:#1B986E;text-decoration:underline}.obj_article_details .orcid a{font-size:10px;color:rgba(0,0,0,0.54)}.obj_article_details .authors li{margin-bottom:1.43rem}.obj_article_details .main_entry .label{display:inline-block;padding:0 0 .357rem;border-bottom:3px solid #f7bc4a;color:rgba(0,0,0,0.54);text-transform:uppercase}.obj_article_details .main_entry .doi .label,.obj_article_details .main_entry .keywords .label{display:inline;padding:0;border:none;text-transform:none}.obj_article_details .row,.obj_article_details .main_entry,.obj_article_details .entry_details{border:none}.obj_article_details .author_bios .sub_item .label{border-bottom:none;text-transform:none}.obj_article_details .entry_details{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .label{font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item{margin:2.143rem 0;padding:0;border-bottom:none;border-radius:3px;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.05);box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.4)}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item .label+.value{border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item{padding:0;margin-bottom:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item .label{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.54)}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item>.label,.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item:first-child>.label{padding:.5em 1.43rem;background:#ddd;border-top-left-radius:3px;border-top-right-radius:3px}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item>.value,.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item .value{padding:1.43rem;border-radius:3px}.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item:not(:first-child) .label{display:inline-block;padding:.5em 0;margin:0 1.43rem;border-bottom:3px solid #f7bc4a}.obj_article_details .entry_details .cover_image{background:transparent;box-shadow:none}.obj_article_details .entry_details .cover_image img{display:block;border-radius:3px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.galleys{box-shadow:none}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.galleys .galleys_links{padding:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links>li{display:block;margin-bottom:0.5em}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links>li:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links>li a{display:block}.obj_article_details .entry_details .citation_display{margin-bottom:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.copyright{background:transparent;box-shadow:none}@media (min-width:768px){.obj_article_details .entry_details{width:240px;margin-left:30px}}@media (min-width:992px){body[dir="rtl"] .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper,body[dir="rtl"] .pkp_navigation_user>li:hover ul{right:auto;left:0}body[dir="rtl"] .pkp_structure_sidebar::before{right:auto;left:0;border-left:none;border-right:1px solid #ddd}}




/* Global Styles */
html {
    color: #000000;
}

.fixed-action-btn {
    display: none;
}

body {
    background-color: white;
}




















/* Ketika Foto Reviewer dan Editor di sentuh maka akan diperbesar 1.2x di kelas person-image*/

.person-image {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    /* Smooth transition */
}

.person-image:hover {
    transform: scale(1.2);
    /* Zoom 1.5x on hover */
}















/* Give Falling Stars, The Javascript in Header Gesang*/

.star {
    position: absolute;
    width: 2px;
    height: 2px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    border-radius: 50%;
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    animation: twinkle 1.5s infinite alternate, fall 10s linear infinite;
}

/* Twinkle animation */
@keyframes twinkle {
    0% {
        opacity: 0.3;
    }

    100% {
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

/* Falling effect for stars */
@keyframes fall {
    0% {
        top: -10px;
        left: calc(100% * var(--start-x));
    }

    100% {
        top: 100vh;
        left: calc(100% * var(--end-x));
    }
}



















/*Sinar lintasan lingkaran yang memutari logo*/

.navbar-brand-logo {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}

.navbar-brand-logo .logo {
    width: none;
    /* Sesuaikan ukuran logo */
    height: auto;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.navbar-brand-logo::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    width: 24px;
    /* Ukuran lingkaran animasi (1/5 dari 120px) */
    height: 24px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px rgba(255, 223, 0, 0.6);
    /* Warna sinar kuning */
    animation: orbit 2s linear infinite;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

@keyframes orbit {
    0% {
        transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(0deg);
    }

    100% {
        transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(360deg);
    }
}






























/*Membuat menu navigasi lebar memenuhi layar ken kanan*/


.navbar .nav.navbar-nav {
    width: 100%;
    /* Membuat lebar penuh */
    display: flex;
    /* Mengatur item menjadi fleksibel */
    justify-content: space-between;
    /* Mengatur jarak antar-item */
}


























/*Menambah Icon di Navigasi*/
/*Submission*/
.menu-item-2337 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2337::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f1d8";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}


/*Register 2325*/
.menu-item-2325 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2325::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f234";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}

/*Login 2326 "\f090"*/
.menu-item-2326 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2326::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f090";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}

/*Current 2332 "\f14b"*/
.menu-item-2332 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2332::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f14b";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}

/*Archive 2333 "\f187"*/
.menu-item-2333 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2333::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f187";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}

/*Announcements 2334 "\f0a1"*/
.menu-item-2334 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2334::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f0a1";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}

/*Indexing 2342 "\f0ca"*/
.menu-item-2342 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2342::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f0ca";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}

/*Search 2341 "\f002"*/
.menu-item-2341 {
    position: relative;
    /* Pastikan elemen menjadi referensi untuk ikon */
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Memberi ruang untuk ikon di kiri teks */
}

.menu-item-2341::before {
    font-family: "FontAwesome";
    content: "\f002";
    /* Unicode untuk ikon fa-paper-plane-o */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    /* Tetap di posisi kiri elemen */
    top: 50%;
    /* Posisikan di tengah vertikal */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    /* Koreksi agar benar-benar di tengah vertikal */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Warna ikon */
}













/*Menambah kata NEW Pada Announcement di Navigasi Utama */

/* Special styling for the 'new-item' */
.menu-item-2334 {
    position: relative;
}

.menu-item-2334::after {
    content: "NEW";
    position: absolute;
    top: -10px;
    /* Posisikan di atas tombol */
    right: -5px;
    /* Posisikan agak ke kanan */
    background-color: #ff0000;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: bold;
    padding: 3px 7px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    animation: blink 1s infinite;
    /* Tambahkan animasi blink */
}

/* Animasi berkedip */
@keyframes blink {

    0%,
    100% {
        opacity: 1;
        /* Simbol terlihat penuh */
    }

    50% {
        opacity: 0;
        /* Simbol menghilang sementara */
    }
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .menu-item-2334::after {
        font-size: 9px;
        /* Ukuran simbol lebih kecil */
        top: -8px;
        /* Penyesuaian posisi untuk layar kecil */
        right: -3px;
        padding: 2px 5px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .menu-item-2334::after {
        font-size: 8px;
        /* Simbol lebih kecil lagi */
        top: -6px;
        /* Penyesuaian posisi untuk layar sangat kecil */
        right: -2px;
        padding: 1px 4px;
    }
}

















/*Mengubah CSS Pada Halaman Submission*/

.alert.alert-info {
    color: white;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #8E2424, #BB7C7C);
    border: none;
    /* Opsional: untuk menghilangkan border bawaan */
}

.alert.alert-info a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: underline;
    /* Opsional: untuk membedakan link */
}

.alert.alert-info a:hover {
    color: #d1d1f5;
    /* Opsional: warna saat hover untuk link */
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Opsional: efek hover tanpa garis bawah */
}






































/*Membuat ARTICLE SUMMARY MEDIA phenomenon ada rotating colorful borders*/

/* Define variables and keyframes for rotating gradient */
@property --border-angle {
    syntax: "<angle>";
    initial-value: 0deg;
    inherits: false;
}

@keyframes border-angle-rotate {
    from {
        --border-angle: 0deg;
    }

    to {
        --border-angle: 360deg;
    }
}

/* Styling for article-summary media with full-width */
.article-summary.media {
    --border-angle: 0deg;
    border-radius: 12px;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    padding: 1rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    box-shadow: 0px 2px 4px hsl(0 0% 0% / 25%);
    animation: border-angle-rotate 2s infinite linear;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    /* Changed from 0.5rem to 1px */
    position: relative;
    background: linear-gradient(white, white) padding-box,
        conic-gradient(from var(--border-angle),
            oklch(100% 100% 0deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 45deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 90deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 135deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 180deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 225deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 270deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 315deg),
            oklch(100% 100% 360deg)) border-box;
}

/* Variation for circular design */
.article-summary.media.c {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 100%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--bg) 60%, transparent 60%);
    position: relative;

    /* Inner rotating borders */
    &:before,
    &:after {
        content: "";
        display: block;
        position: absolute;
        inset: 4px;
        border-radius: 100%;
        animation: border-angle-rotate 4s infinite linear;
        z-index: -1;
    }

    /* Outer border animation */
    &:before {
        inset: 0;
        background: repeating-conic-gradient(from var(--border-angle),
                var(--bg),
                var(--bg) 30deg,
                oklch(100% 50% 190deg) calc(360deg / 6)) border-box;
    }

    /* Inner border animation */
    &:after {
        background: repeating-conic-gradient(from calc(var(--border-angle) * -1),
                oklch(100% 40% 50deg),
                black 60deg) border-box;
    }
}














/*Memindahkan abstract views dan pdf download ke kanan tombol PDF*/


.btn-group {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    /* Beri jarak dengan elemen di bawahnya */
}




.meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    width: 100%;
    /* Agar elemen meta menyesuaikan lebar */
}

.meta .fa-signal,
.meta .fa-download {
    margin-left: 10px;
    /* Jarak antar elemen */
}

.meta span {
    margin-left: auto;
    /* Memindahkan Abstract Views dan PDF Download ke kanan */
}


/*Icon signal warna warni*/

.glyphicon.glyphicon-signal {
    font-size: 1.5em;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #ff0000;
    /* Warna awal */
    animation: rainbowSignal 2s infinite linear;
    /* Animasi warna */
}

/* Keyframes untuk warna-warni */
@keyframes rainbowSignal {
    0% {
        color: #ff0000;
        /* Merah */
    }

    20% {
        color: #ffa500;
        /* Oranye */
    }

    40% {
        color: #ffff00;
        /* Kuning */
    }

    60% {
        color: #008000;
        /* Hijau */
    }

    80% {
        color: #0000ff;
        /* Biru */
    }

    100% {
        color: #4b0082;
        /* Ungu */
    }
}

/* Efek hover */
.glyphicon.glyphicon-signal:hover {
    transform: scale(1.3);
    /* Perbesar ikon */
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}


.glyphicon.glyphicon-download-alt {
    font-size: 1.5em;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    color: #008000;
    /* Warna awal */
    animation: rainbowDownload 2.5s infinite linear;
    /* Animasi warna */
}

/* Keyframes untuk warna-warni */
@keyframes rainbowDownload {
    0% {
        color: #008000;
        /* Hijau */
    }

    20% {
        color: #0000ff;
        /* Biru */
    }

    40% {
        color: #4b0082;
        /* Ungu */
    }

    60% {
        color: #ff0000;
        /* Merah */
    }

    80% {
        color: #ffa500;
        /* Oranye */
    }

    100% {
        color: #ffff00;
        /* Kuning */
    }
}

/* Efek hover */
.glyphicon.glyphicon-download-alt:hover {
    transform: rotate(15deg) scale(1.3);
    /* Rotasi dan pembesaran */
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}












/*Membuat Header full width di semua layar dan perangkat*/

.header {
    width: 100%;
    /* Full width of the screen */
    overflow: hidden;
    /* Prevent overflow */
}

.header a {
    display: auto;
}

.header-img {
    width: 100%;
    /* Ensure full width */
    height: 100%;
    /* Maintain aspect ratio by default */
    object-fit: cover;
    /* Stretch image when screen exceeds image size */
}




/*Style untuk logo WhatsApp di footer bagian kanan*/

/* Wrapper untuk tombol Chat Us */
.icon-wrapper {
    position: fixed;
    /* Tetap di pojok kanan bawah */
    bottom: 20px;
    /* Jarak dari bawah halaman */
    right: 20px;
    /* Jarak dari kanan halaman */
    display: inline-block;
    width: 80px;
    /* Ukuran ikon */
    height: auto;
    text-align: center;
    /* Pusatkan isi */
    cursor: pointer;
    /* Tambahkan kursor pointer */
    z-index: 1000;
    /* Pastikan tombol berada di atas elemen lain */
}

/* Wrapper untuk teks */
.chat-text-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    /* Buat teks dalam satu baris */
    justify-content: center;
    /* Pusatkan teks secara horizontal */
    gap: 5px;
    /* Tambahkan jarak antar kata */
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    /* Jarak antara teks dan ikon */
}

/* Teks Chat Us */
.chat-text {
    color: white;
    /* Warna teks */
    font-size: 14px;
    /* Ukuran teks */
    font-weight: bold;
    /* Teks tebal */
    text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
    /* Efek teks lebih jelas */
}

/* Gambar WhatsApp */
.icon-wrapper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 50%;
    /* Membuat gambar bulat */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    /* Sedikit bayangan agar terlihat jelas */
}

/* Hover efek */
.icon-wrapper:hover img {
    opacity: 0.9;
    /* Sedikit perubahan opasitas pada hover */
}









/* Style for the WhatsApp icon */
.whatsapp-icon {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    z-index: 1000;
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: #25D366;
    /* WhatsApp green */
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.whatsapp-icon img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border-radius: 50%;
}

/* Responsive design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .whatsapp-icon {
        width: 50px;
        height: 50px;
        bottom: 15px;
        right: 15px;
    }
}


.navbar,
.header_view {
    border: 1px solid #4642c3 !important;
}


/* Ubah background judul ketika pdf di klik dan letaknya biar di atas*/

.header_view {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    margin: 0;
    border: 1px solid #4642c3;
    animation: glowing-border 2s infinite;
    background: #4642c3;
}

/*Hilangkan logo OJS*/

img.img-responsive {
    display: none;
}


/*Ubah Warna Link di Semua OJS*/
a {
    color: #8E2424;
    /* Warna utama link */
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Menghilangkan garis bawah link jika diperlukan */
}

a:hover {
    color: #1F1C76;
    /* Warna sedikit lebih gelap untuk efek hover */
    text-decoration: underline;
    /* Menambahkan garis bawah saat hover untuk aksesibilitas */
}

a:focus {
    color: #3A38B2;
    /* Warna sedikit lebih terang untuk fokus */
    outline: 2px dashed #8E2424;
    /* Memberikan outline fokus untuk aksesibilitas */
}



/*Menambah efek gelombang air di sidebar menu*/
/* Main and Block Title Styling with Reduced Size and Adjusted Padding */
#main,
.blockTitle {
    display: block;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #8E2424, #BB7C7C);
    padding: 10px 15px;
    color: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-family: Cambria, serif;
    margin: -10px -10px 10px -10px;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    text-align: center;
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.blockTitle:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

/* Wave Animation for Block Title */
.blockTitle .wave-container {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    right: 10px;
    /* Posisi di sebelah kanan */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    pointer-events: none;
    /* Prevent interaction */
    z-index: 0;
}

.blockTitle .wave {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    width: 10px;
    height: 10px;
    background-color: transparent;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
    /* Warna putih transparan */
    border-radius: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0);
    animation: ripple 2s infinite ease-out;
    opacity: 0;
}

.blockTitle .wave:nth-child(1) {
    animation-delay: 0s;
}

.blockTitle .wave:nth-child(2) {
    animation-delay: 0.5s;
}

.blockTitle .wave:nth-child(3) {
    animation-delay: 1s;
}

.blockTitle .wave:nth-child(4) {
    animation-delay: 1.5s;
}

/* Ripple Animation */
@keyframes ripple {
    0% {
        transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0);
        opacity: 1;
    }

    70% {
        opacity: 0.3;
    }

    100% {
        transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(5);
        opacity: 0;
    }
}

/* Side Menu Styling with Elegant Animations */
.sidemenu li {
    background: #f0f8ff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #1a73e8;
    margin: -5px -5px 10px -5px;
    padding: 10px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-family: Cambria, serif;
    color: #333;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.sidemenu li:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e0f2ff, #cfe8ff);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    border-bottom-color: #8E2424;
}

.sidemenu li::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 5px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #1a73e8, transparent);
    transition: transform 0.5s ease, background-color 0.5s ease;
    transform: translateX(-100%);
}

.sidemenu li:hover::before {
    transform: translateX(0);
    background-color: rgba(26, 115, 232, 0.2);
}

/* Header/Logo Title */
.header {
    padding: 0px;
}




/* Styling for container */
.container-fluid {
    background-color: #8E2424;
}

/* Menu background color */
#nav-menu {
    background-color: #8E2424;
}

/* Animasi search bar */
.form-control {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

/* Efek hover dengan zoom out */
.form-control:hover {
    transform: scale(0.95);
    border-color: #fc0303;
}

/* Ubah warna tombol search */
.btn.btn-default {
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

/* Hover effect to change color to earthy tones */
.btn.btn-default:hover {
    background-color: #fc0303;
    color: #000000;
    border-color: #fc0303;
}


/* Badge styling */
#main-navigation.nav.navbar-nav .badge {
    background-color: #dc3545;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 3px 6px;
    font-size: 12px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-left: 5px;
}

/* Caret styling */
#main-navigation.nav.navbar-nav .caret {
    margin-left: 5px;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    #main-navigation.nav.navbar-nav {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }

    #main-navigation.nav.navbar-nav li {
        margin: 10px 0;
    }
}

/*Manipulasi Submission Block*/
.block_make_submission_link {
    display: inline-block;
    background-color: #4CAF50;
    color: white;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    text-align: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-family: Cambria, serif;
    font-size: 1rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.block_make_submission_link:hover {
    background-color: #357a38;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    color: #fff;
}

/* Hover effect for the send button */
#wa-widget-send-button:hover {
    background-color: #357a38;
}

/* Styling for footer */
footer:hover {
    transform: scale(0.95);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    /* Transisi halus untuk transformasi dan bayangan */
}


/* Membuat gambar ketika disentuh membesar */

/* Styling untuk gambar */
img.zoom-effect {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    /* Transisi halus untuk efek zoom */
}

/* Efek zoom in saat di-hover */
img.zoom-effect:hover {
    transform: scale(1.2);
    /* Membesarkan gambar sebesar 20% saat di-hover */
}


/* Mengatur Lebar Navigasi */

/* Styling untuk elemen dengan ID main-navigation */
#main-navigation {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    /* Menjamin padding tidak mempengaruhi lebar total elemen */
    /* padding: 0 15px; */
    /* Padding horizontal (kiri dan kanan) */
    width: 60%;
    /* Memastikan lebar elemen 100% dari kontainer induknya */
    /* Atur padding vertikal sesuai kebutuhan jika perlu */
}



/* Membuat gambar Profil Editor in Chief ketika disentuh membesar */

/* Styling untuk gambar */
img.zoom-effecteic {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    /* Transisi halus untuk efek zoom */
}

/* Efek zoom in saat di-hover */
img.zoom-effecteic:hover {
    transform: scale(2.0);
    /* Membesarkan gambar sebesar 20% saat di-hover */
}

/* Tombol jadi lebih besar */

/* Styling untuk tombol dengan efek zoom */
.btn.btn-primary.read-more {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    /* Transisi halus untuk efek zoom */
}

/* Efek zoom in saat di-hover */
.btn.btn-primary.read-more:hover {
    transform: scale(1.5);
    /* Membesarkan tombol sebesar 20% saat di-hover */
}


/* PDF Galley */

.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.pdf {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #4CAF50, #2196F3);
    color: white;
    text-align: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease-in-out, background-size 0.5s ease-in-out;
    background-size: 200% 200%;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.pdf:hover {
    transform: scale(1.2);
    background-position: right;
}

/* Loading-like gradient animation */
.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.pdf {
    background: linear-gradient(270deg, #4CAF50, #2196F3, #FF9800, #F44336);
    background-size: 400% 400%;
    animation: gradientShift 3s ease infinite;
}

@keyframes gradientShift {
    0% {
        background-position: 0% 50%;
    }

    50% {
        background-position: 100% 50%;
    }

    100% {
        background-position: 0% 50%;
    }
}

/* Menambah Hover di setiap Link */

a {
    display: inline-block;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

a:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* Ganti warna teks tag <p> ketika di blok */

p {
    /* Warna teks default */
    color: black;
}

/* Mengubah warna teks saat disorot (diblok) */
p::selection {
    background-color: yellow;
    /* Warna latar belakang saat teks disorot */
    color: black;
    /* Warna teks saat disorot */
}

/* Ganti warna teks tag <strong> ketika di blok */

strong {
    /* Warna teks default */
    color: black;
}

/* Mengubah warna teks saat disorot (diblok) */
strong::selection {
    background-color: yellow;
    /* Warna latar belakang saat teks disorot */
    color: black;
    /* Warna teks saat disorot */
}

/* Gaya default untuk .authors, .csl-entry, th, dan td */
.authors,
.csl-entry,
th,
td {
    color: black;
    /* Warna teks default */
}

/* Mengubah warna teks saat disorot (diblok) */
.authors::selection,
.csl-entry::selection,
th::selection,
td::selection {
    background-color: yellow;
    /* Warna latar belakang saat teks disorot */
    color: black;
    /* Warna teks saat disorot */
}




/* Memastikan link doi tidak nabrak div */


/* Style for links to ensure they wrap and don't overflow */
.list-group-item.doi a {
    word-break: break-word;
    /* Break long words */
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    /* Break long words to fit within container */
    display: inline-block;
    /* Prevent links from extending full width */
    max-width: 100%;
    /* Prevent the link from extending beyond the container */
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Optional: Remove underline from links */
    color: #007bff;
    /* Optional: Change link color */
}

/* Optional: Style strong tags if needed */
.list-group-item.doi strong {
    display: block;
    /* Ensure strong element is on its own line */
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    /* Add space below the strong tag */
}


/* Membuat header h1 judul tiap artikel menjadi lebih kecil */

.page-header {
    font-size: 2.3rem;
    /* Mengatur ukuran font menjadi 4 kali lebih besar */
    line-height: 1.2;
    /* Menjaga jarak baris agar tidak terlalu rapat */
    margin: 20px 0;
    /* Menambahkan margin atas dan bawah untuk jarak dari elemen lain */
    padding: 0 0 5px 0;
    /* Menambahkan padding bawah sebesar 5px */
    text-align: left;
    /* Menyelaraskan teks ke kiri */
}

/* Membuat abstrak menjadi rata kanan kiri */

.article-abstract {
    text-align: justify;
    /* Menyelaraskan teks dengan rata kiri dan kanan */
    margin: 0;
    /* Atur margin sesuai kebutuhan */
    padding: 0px;
    /* Menambahkan padding jika diperlukan */
}

/* Menghilangkan Search di Navigasi OJS*/

.navbar-form.navbar-left {
    display: none;
}





/* Menghilangkan Author Biography */

.item.author_bios {
    display: none;
}

/* Daftar Pustaka */

.article-references {
    text-align: justify;
    /* Menyelaraskan teks dengan rata kiri dan kanan */
    margin: 0;
    /* Atur margin sesuai kebutuhan */
    padding: 0px;
    /* Menambahkan padding jika diperlukan */
}

/* Gradien Body menjadi timbul */

.media-body {
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, #f7f9f9, #ffffff);
    /* Gradien untuk efek kedalaman */
    box-shadow: 8px 8px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), -8px -8px 15px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    /* Bayangan untuk efek 3D */
    border-radius: 10px;
    /* Membuat sudut elemen lebih halus */
    padding: 20px;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
    /* Animasi halus pada hover */
}

.media-body:hover {
    box-shadow: 12px 12px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), -12px -12px 20px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    /* Bayangan lebih kuat pada hover */
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    /* Sedikit mengangkat elemen pada hover untuk efek dinamis */
}



/*CSS Halaman Editorial Team*/

body {
    font-family: Cambria, serif;
    background: #ffffff;
    margin: 0;
}

h4 {
    color: #8E2424;
    /* Updated color for h4 */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #8E2424;
    display: inline-block;
    padding-bottom: 5px;
}

.editorial-section {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.person-card {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    background: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.person-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.person-image {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.person-details {
    padding: 10px;
    flex: 1;
}

.person-name {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin: 0;
}

.person-info {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #555;
    margin: 5px 0 0 0;
}

.icons {
    margin-top: 5px;
}

.icons img {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    margin-right: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
}



/*CSS untuk mengubah tabel di Home Page*/

table {
    border-collapse: collapse;
    width: 80%;
    margin-left: 20px;
    /* Adjust the value as needed */

}


tr:hover {
    background-color: #ebf5fb;
}